{"id":3244,"date":"2020-08-12T21:31:10","date_gmt":"2020-08-12T21:31:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/?p=3244"},"modified":"2023-11-19T12:29:07","modified_gmt":"2023-11-19T12:29:07","slug":"akademik-yikimin-arkaplani-1-turkiyede-ne-oldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/?p=3244&lang=tr","title":{"rendered":"Akademik Y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n Arkaplan\u0131-1: T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ne Oldu?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00d6ZET<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>T\u00fcrkiye, m\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusuyla demokrasi ve laikli\u011fi, s\u00f6ylem olarak da olsa, ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131ran bir \u00fclke g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndeydi. 2002\u2019de iktidara gelen Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta demokrasi yanl\u0131s\u0131 imaj olu\u015fturdu. T\u00fcrkiye Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne (AB) uyum i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar att\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri geni\u015fletti. Ancak zaman i\u00e7inde partide b\u00fct\u00fcn kontrol tek adamda (R. T. Erdo\u011fan) topland\u0131. Erdo\u011fan ve yak\u0131n \u00e7evresi 2010\u2019daki Anayasa Referandumu ve 2011 Genel Se\u00e7im ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 sonras\u0131nda \u00fclkede yeterince g\u00fc\u00e7 dev\u015firdiklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek h\u0131zla otoriterle\u015ftiler.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Askeri darbe tehditlerini savu\u015fturmada, AB de\u011ferlerini yerle\u015ftirmede ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin geni\u015fletilmesinde kendilerini destekleyen sivil m\u00fcttefiklerini d\u00fc\u015fman olarak ilan ettiler. Eskiden m\u00fccadele ettikleri \u201cderin devlet\u201d g\u00fc\u00e7leri ile ittifak yapt\u0131lar. 2013 y\u0131l\u0131 bahar\u0131ndaki Gezi Park\u0131 eylemleri sonras\u0131 liberal ve \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 sol \u00e7evreler ve 17-25 Aral\u0131k 2013\u2019deki Yolsuzluk Operasyonlar\u0131 sonras\u0131 G\u00fclen Hareketi d\u00fc\u015fman ilan edildi. Yolsuzluk Operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n merkezinde Erdo\u011fan ve ailesi vard\u0131 ve \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc delillerle destekleniyordu. Bu operasyonlar Adalet ve Emniyet Te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n tahribi ile engellendi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>G\u00fclen Hareketi gittik\u00e7e dozu artan otoriterle\u015fmeye bahane olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131 ve bunun \u00fczerinden yeni bir d\u00fc\u015fman in\u015fa edildi. G\u00fclenistlere kar\u015f\u0131 2014 yaz\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lan \u201ccad\u0131 av\u0131\u201d operasyonlar\u0131 15 Temmuz 2016\u2019daki \u00e7ok \u015f\u00fcpheli bir \u201cdarbe giri\u015fimi\u201d sonras\u0131nda kitlesel tutuklama, kamudan \u00e7\u0131karma ve mallar\u0131n\u0131n gasp edilmesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Erdo\u011fan, \u00f6nce oldu bitti ile in\u015fa etti\u011fi tek adam rejimini Nisan 2017\u2019deki \u015faibeli bir referandumla resmile\u015ftirdi. Art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye her\u015feyi tek ki\u015finin kontrol etti\u011fi ve her s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu bir distopya durumundad\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ordu Destekli Otoriter Laisizmden Halk Destekli Fa\u015fizme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan ama laik bir anayasaya sahip, demokrasi ve hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f de\u011ferleri s\u00f6ylem olarak benimsemi\u015f bir \u00fclke olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-1\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup> 2002\u2019de iktidara gelen ve kendisini muhafazakar demokrat olarak tan\u0131mlayan Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi 2011 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri geni\u015fletme ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi de\u011ferlerini yerle\u015ftirme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ad\u0131mlar att\u0131. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta demokratik bir y\u00f6netim tarz\u0131na sahip olan parti zaman i\u00e7inde bir \u201clider partisi\u201dne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Partide b\u00fct\u00fcn kontrol ba\u015fkan Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan\u2019a ge\u00e7ti. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta \u00e7ok say\u0131da etkili siyaset\u00e7i ve entelekt\u00fcelin oldu\u011fu parti vitrininde tek bir ki\u015fi kald\u0131: Erdo\u011fan.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-2\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-2\">[2]<\/a><\/sup> Partide ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta O\u2019nun kadar etkili olan di\u011fer siyasi fig\u00fcrlerin tamam\u0131 y\u00f6netimden \u00e7ekildi ve g\u00f6zden kayboldular. 2011 sonras\u0131nda daha \u0130slamc\u0131, milliyet\u00e7i ve yabanc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na varan bir retorik parti y\u00f6netimine hakim oldu. 2003-2014 aras\u0131nda Ba\u015fbakan olan ve ondan sonra da Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak \u00fclkeyi tek ba\u015f\u0131na y\u00f6neten Erdo\u011fan 2002-2011 aras\u0131nda geni\u015fletilen \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi y\u00f6nelimlerini tersine \u00e7evirdi.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-3\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-3\">[3]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-4\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-4\">[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>D\u00f6n\u00fcm Noktas\u0131: 2011 Genel Se\u00e7imi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin demokrasiden uzakla\u015fmas\u0131nda k\u00f6\u015fe ta\u015f\u0131 niteli\u011finde bir ka\u00e7 olay say\u0131labilir. 2011 Genel Se\u00e7imlerinde % 49,5 oy alarak iktidar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na inanan R. T. Erdo\u011fan ve ekibi, daha \u00f6nce i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ve temelde Avrupa Birli\u011fi de\u011ferleri paydas\u0131nda kendilerini destekleyenlerle (liberaller, Hizmet Hareketi (G\u00fclen Hareketi), liberal solcular, baz\u0131 K\u00fcrt gruplar\u0131) yollar\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131racaklar\u0131n\u0131 ilan ettiler. Erdo\u011fan bu gruplarla ili\u015fkilerini ad\u0131m ad\u0131m kopard\u0131 ve yeni m\u00fcttefikleri T\u00fcrk derin devleti, mafyatik olu\u015fumlar, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i parti ve gruplar oldu.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-5\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-5\">[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Yeni d\u00f6nemde Erdo\u011fan ve ortaklar\u0131 demokrasiyi \u00f6nceleyenleri d\u00fc\u015fman kategorisine koydu. 2013 Bahar\u0131nda Gezi Park\u0131\u2019nda ba\u015flayan toplumsal protestolar\u0131 kendi taban\u0131n\u0131 konsolide etmek i\u00e7in yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde kulland\u0131. Nihayet 2013 Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda partisinden d\u00f6rt bakan\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ile birlikte kendisinin bizzat i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu uluslararas\u0131 boyutlu ve \u00fclke tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck yolsuzluk skandal\u0131 patlak verdi. Erdo\u011fan, d\u00f6rt bakan\u0131 hedef alan soru\u015fturmay\u0131 bir \u201ch\u00fck\u00fcmet darbesi giri\u015fimi\u201d olarak ilan etti. Bunun sorumlusu olarak G\u00fclen Hareketini ve onun liderini g\u00f6sterdi. Yolsuzluk ve r\u00fc\u015fvetle ilgili delillerin \u00e7ok kuvvetli ve a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131 nedeniyle art\u0131k normal hukukun oldu\u011fu bir \u00fclkede iktidarda kalamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. B\u00fct\u00fcn hukuk sistemini tahrip ederek ve mahkemeleri kendisine ba\u011flayarak bu soru\u015fturmalar\u0131 sonland\u0131rd\u0131.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-6\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-6\">[6]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-7\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-7\">[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fckiye bundan sonra tamamen normalin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 2014 Bahar\u0131nda Hizmet Hareketine kar\u015f\u0131 \u201cbir cad\u0131 av\u0131 planlad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131\u201d, \u201cyarg\u0131da yapacaklar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemelerle binlerce dava a\u00e7acaklar\u0131n\u0131\u201d ilan etti. Kanunlardaki d\u00fczenlemeler sonras\u0131nda yolsuzluklar\u0131 soru\u015fturan polislere ve gazetecilere y\u00f6nelik toplu g\u00f6zalt\u0131larla bu icraat\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00dclkede bundan sonra ya\u015fananlar bu s\u00fcrecin devam\u0131 niteli\u011findedir.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-8\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-8\">[8]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-9\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-9\">[9]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-10\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-10\">[10]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-11\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-11\">[11]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>Erdo\u011fan \u0130\u00e7in \u201cAllah\u2019\u0131n L\u00fctfu\u201d Olan Bir Garip Darbe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 15 Temmuz 2016\u2019da \u201cgarip ve s\u0131rad\u0131\u015f\u0131 darbe giri\u015fimi\u201d ya\u015fand\u0131. Ancak bunu bir darbe de\u011fil bir \u201cfalse flag operation\u201d olarak adland\u0131rmak daha do\u011fru olur. Bu \u201cgarip\u201d darbe te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fc iddias\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak \u00fclkede bir \u201ctek adam rejimi\u201d in\u015faas\u0131 ivme kazand\u0131. \u0130ki y\u0131l s\u00fcren \u201cOla\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc Hal\u201d (OHAL) uygulamas\u0131 ile Anayasa tamamen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz hale getirildi. Erdo\u011fan, OHAL\u2019in H\u00fck\u00fcmet\u2019e verdi\u011fi ek yetkileri ve Anayasa ve yasalar\u0131n kendisine ve h\u00fck\u00fcmete vermedi\u011fi yetkileri de gaspederek bir diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck kurdu. Anla\u015f\u0131lan yap\u0131lan \u201cfalse flag operation\u201d ile Erdo\u011fan Darbesi amac\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu. Hi\u00e7bir surette ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ki\u015filerce ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve soru\u015fturulmas\u0131na m\u00fcsaade edilmeyen b\u00f6yle \u201cgarip bir darbe\u201d de ancak bunun i\u00e7in yap\u0131labilirdi.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-12\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-12\">[12]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-13\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-13\">[13]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-14\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-14\">[14]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-15\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-15\">[15]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Erdo\u011fan Darbesi \u00fclkedeki b\u00fct\u00fcn kurumlar\u0131 hedef ald\u0131; \u00f6ncelikle sayg\u0131n ve etkili olan kurumlar ele ge\u00e7irildi yada yok edildi. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Ordu, Mahkemeler, Y\u00fcksek Yarg\u0131 Kurumlar\u0131, Polis Te\u015fkilat\u0131 ve \u00dcniversiteler vard\u0131. \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lan Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamelerle binlerce e\u011fitim kurumu ve sivil organizasyonlar kapat\u0131ld\u0131 ve mallar\u0131na el konuldu. Toplamda 20 milyar dolar\u0131 bulan binlerce \u015firketin kontol\u00fc devlete ge\u00e7ti. 2019 ba\u015f\u0131na kadar olan yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k cad\u0131 av\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde toplam olarak yar\u0131m milyondan fazla ki\u015fi g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131, y\u00fczbinlerce ki\u015fi tutukland\u0131. Art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye d\u00fcnyada en fazla gazeteci ve akademisyen hapseden \u00fclke oldu. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar yap\u0131l\u0131rken Erdo\u011fan ve adamlar\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya \u201cdemokrasiyi korumaya kararl\u0131 olduklar\u0131\u201d mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 vermeye devam ettiler. Daha da vahimi \u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bile kendilerine serbest\u00e7e soru sorulmas\u0131na izin vermediler ve soru soranlar\u0131 ter\u00f6rist olmak veya ter\u00f6rist a\u011fz\u0131yla konu\u015fmakla, en hafifinden \u201cG\u00fclenist gibi konu\u015fmakla\u201d su\u00e7lad\u0131lar.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-16\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-16\">[16]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-17\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-17\">[17]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-18\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-18\">[18]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-19\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-19\">[19]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-20\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-20\">[20]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>Akademya \u00d6ncelikli Hedef Oldu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fanan y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6ncelikli hedeflerinden biri akademik camia ve \u00fcniversiteler oldu. T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yer alan s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara ra\u011fmen binlerce akademisyen meslekten at\u0131ld\u0131 ve bir \u00e7o\u011fu tutukland\u0131. Bundan daha vahimi bu ya\u015fananlar\u0131 toplumun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funluu korkudan veya farkl\u0131 gerek\u00e7elerle kabullendi, destekledi. \u00dcniversitelerde ya\u015fanan hukuk d\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygulamalar b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkede ya\u015fananlar\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 durumundad\u0131r. As\u0131l \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki akademik camian\u0131n bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc bir imtihan vermi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcniversitelerde ki\u015fisel d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131klar veya mesleki rekabetlerle meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ihbar eden ve meslekten att\u0131ran akademisyenler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-21\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-21\">[21]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-22\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-22\">[22]<\/a>,<\/sup><sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-23\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-23\">[23]<\/a><\/sup> Yap\u0131lan yo\u011fun propagandadan etkilenen baz\u0131 ki\u015filer olmakla beraber bu konjonkt\u00fcr\u00fc bir f\u0131rsata \u00e7evirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar da az de\u011fildi. Daha da vahimi demokrasi ve hukuk savunuculu\u011fu iddias\u0131ndaki baz\u0131 muhalif gruplar ve sendikalar da bu d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan hukuksuzluklar\u0131 te\u015fvik ve tahrik ettiler.<sup><a id=\"post-3244-footnote-ref-24\" href=\"#post-3244-footnote-24\">[24]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-1\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2019\/apr\/03\/turkey-democracy-local-elections-akp-erdogan <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-2\">\n<p>https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2013\/06\/03\/how-democratic-is-turkey\/ <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-3\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-17994865 <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-4\">\n<p>https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2017\/04\/15\/europe\/turkey-erdogan-referendum-politics\/index.html <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-5\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/fileadmin\/contents\/products\/comments\/2014C44_srt.pdf <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-6\">\n<p>http:\/\/world.time.com\/2014\/01\/02\/how-erdogans-troubles-are-good-for-turkish-democracy\/ <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-7\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/06\/22\/opinion\/turkey-election-erdogan-ince.html <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-8\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/opinions\/ekrem-dumanli-turkeys-witch-hunt-against-the-media\/2015\/01\/01\/7544429a-8fad-11e4-ba53-a477d66580ed_story.html?noredirect=on&amp;utm_term=.65140263cf6a\">https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/opinions\/ekrem-dumanli-turkeys-witch-hunt-against-the-media\/2015\/01\/01\/7544429a-8fad-11e4-ba53-a477d66580ed_story.html?noredirect=on&amp;utm_term=.65140263cf6a<\/a> <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-9\">\n<p>https:\/\/stockholmcf.org\/turkeys-erdogan-calls-for-expanded-witch-hunt-against-gulen-followers\/ <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-10\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2016\/07\/19\/turkeys-witch-hunt-of-erdogan-rivals-only-just-starting.html <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-11\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Hungry-Power-Erdogans-Witch-Abuse\/dp\/1935295772 <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-12\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/democracy-post\/wp\/2017\/07\/14\/one-year-later-the-turkish-coup-attempt-remains-shrouded-in-mystery\/?utm_term=.0811e04a9417 <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-13\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.aldrimer.no\/nato-insiders-suspect-staged-turkey-coup\/ <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-14\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.quora.com\/Was-the-coup-in-Turkey-a-false-flag-operation-by-the-government-to-consolidate-power-over-military-and-courts <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-15\">\n<p>http:\/\/www.aei.org\/publication\/turkish-officers-speak-erdogan-may-have-staged-coup\/ <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-16\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/world-report\/2019\/country-chapters\/turkey <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-17\">\n<p>https:\/\/freedomhouse.org\/report\/freedom-world\/2019\/turkey <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-18\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/01\/02\/world\/europe\/turkey-emigration-erdogan.html <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-18\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-19\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/av\/world-europe-42586115\/turkish-president-erdogan-berates-french-journalist <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-19\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-20\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/erdogan-in-paris-journalists-are-gardeners-of-terrorism\/a-42037145 <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-20\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-21\">\n<p>https:\/\/arsiv.toplumsal.com.tr\/gundem\/dort-akademisyeni-olduren-volkan-bayar-o-akp-linin-muhbiri-cikti-h19942.html <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-22\">\n<p>http:\/\/www.tr724.com\/katilin-isbirlikcilerine-sucustu\/ <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-23\">\n<p>http:\/\/www.hurriyet.com.tr\/feto-davasi-tanigi-profesor-rektor-secimlerde-40490130 <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"post-3244-footnote-24\">\n<p>https:\/\/www.sondakika.com\/haber\/haber-chp-li-altiok-tan-aciga-alinan-rektor-hoscoskun-la-9323116\/ <a href=\"#post-3244-footnote-ref-24\">\u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(Art.No:2.tr)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6ZET T\u00fcrkiye, m\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusuyla demokrasi ve laikli\u011fi, s\u00f6ylem olarak da olsa, ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131ran bir \u00fclke g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndeydi. 2002\u2019de iktidara gelen Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta demokrasi yanl\u0131s\u0131 imaj olu\u015fturdu. T\u00fcrkiye Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne (AB) uyum i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar att\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri geni\u015fletti. Ancak zaman i\u00e7inde partide b\u00fct\u00fcn kontrol tek adamda (R. T. Erdo\u011fan) topland\u0131. Erdo\u011fan ve yak\u0131n \u00e7evresi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[207],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-raporlar-yeni"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3244"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3250,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3244\/revisions\/3250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}