{"id":4862,"date":"2026-08-15T08:00:33","date_gmt":"2026-08-15T08:00:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/?p=4862"},"modified":"2026-08-15T08:00:35","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T08:00:35","slug":"birbirimizden-korkarak-yukselebilir-miyiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/?p=4862&lang=tr","title":{"rendered":"Birbirimizden Korkarak Y\u00fckselebilir miyiz?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Bir medeniyeti d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, i\u00e7eride farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnene tahamm\u00fcl edememesi zay\u0131flat\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu hafta Metin Y\u0131kar\u2019\u0131n University of Chicago\u2019da g\u00f6rev yapan tarih\u00e7i Mustafa Kaya ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yle\u015fi temelinde konuyu irdelemek istiyoruz (<a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/mAmTm9lpKho\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/mAmTm9lpKho<\/a>). &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 neden geriledi?\u201d Din mi engel oldu? Osmanl\u0131 m\u0131 hata yapt\u0131? Matbaa m\u0131 ge\u00e7 geldi? Bat\u0131 m\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrd\u00fc? Ulema m\u0131 bilime kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131? Yoksa M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar m\u0131 tembelle\u015fti?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kaya, ticaret yollar\u0131, siyasi yap\u0131lanma, devlet-toplum ili\u015fkileri, mezhep \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye davet ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00f6yle\u015fiden \u015fu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m yap\u0131labilir: Medeniyetler yaln\u0131zca iyi fikirler \u00fcrettikleri i\u00e7in y\u00fckselmiyor. Fikirlerin, insanlar\u0131n ve sermayenin dola\u015fabildi\u011fi ortamlar olu\u015fturabildikleri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde y\u00fckseliyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 \u015fu soruyu sormal\u0131d\u0131r: Biz farkl\u0131l\u0131klarla birlikte ya\u015fayabilece\u011fimiz a\u00e7\u0131k toplumlar m\u0131 kuruyoruz, yoksa enerjimizi birbirimizi kontrol etmek, susturmak ve tasfiye etmek i\u00e7in mi harc\u0131yoruz?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir t\u00fcccar Horasan\u2019dan kalk\u0131p Ba\u011fdat\u2019a, oradan \u015eam\u2019a ve Kahire\u2019ye yaln\u0131z kuma\u015f ve baharat ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yordu. Haber, fikir, teknik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr de ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Bir \u00e2lim Buhara\u2019dan \u015eam\u2019a, oradan Kahire\u2019ye veya Hicaz\u2019a giderken onunla birlikte kitaplar, sorular ve y\u00f6ntemler de seyahat ediyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bilginin geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca zeki insanlar yetmez; zeki insanlar\u0131n birbirleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilmesine de ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avrupa\u2019da \u015fehirlerin, t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n, \u00fcniversitelerin, dini gruplar\u0131n ve daha sonra \u015firketlerin merkezi iktidardan g\u00f6rece ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hareket edebildi\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ise \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u201cbarut imparatorluklar\u0131\u201d d\u00f6neminde devlet giderek daha kuvvetli, merkezi ve d\u00fczenleyici hale geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bunun ku\u015fkusuz avantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131. \u0130stikrar sa\u011flad\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck ordular kurdu. Vergi toplad\u0131. Yollar\u0131 korudu. \u0130mparatorluklar\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llarca ayakta tuttu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fakat istikrar\u0131n da bir bedeli var. Devlet g\u00fc\u00e7lendik\u00e7e toplumun kendi kendine \u00f6rg\u00fctlenebilece\u011fi alan daral\u0131rsa, k\u0131sa vadede d\u00fczen kazan\u0131l\u0131rken uzun vadede yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kaybedilir. Devlet ekonomiye h\u00e2kim oldu\u011funda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z t\u00fcccar\u0131n; dine h\u00e2kim oldu\u011funda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z din adam\u0131n\u0131n; e\u011fitime h\u00e2kim oldu\u011funda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z akademisyenin hareket alan\u0131 daral\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00f6yle\u015finin en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden biri Safevilerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve mezhepsel cephele\u015fme \u00fczerine. Bir noktadan sonra iki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman imparatorluk yaln\u0131zca birbirleriyle sava\u015fm\u0131yor, kendi tebaalar\u0131n\u0131n din\u00ee sadakatinden de ku\u015fku duyuyordu. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki rakip kadar i\u00e7erideki \u201c\u00f6teki\u201d de bir tehdit haline gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Be\u015f y\u00fcz y\u0131l sonra h\u00e2l\u00e2 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n muazzam miktarda enerjisini birbirlerini s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in harcad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00fcnni misin, \u015eii misin?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sek\u00fcler misin, \u0130slamc\u0131 m\u0131s\u0131n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u015eu cemaatten misin, bu tarikattan m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130ktidara yak\u0131n m\u0131s\u0131n, muhalif misin?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cBizden\u201d misin, \u201conlardan\u201d m\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir medeniyet d\u0131\u015f rakipleri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden zay\u0131flayabilir. Ama \u00e7ok daha tehlikelisi, kendi farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in kendi insan sermayesini yok etmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bunu g\u00fcncel olaylarla \u00f6rneklemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Hizmet hareketine y\u00f6nelik kitlesel tasfiye ve bask\u0131lar devam ederken (<a href=\"https:\/\/silencedturkey.org\/july-15-coup-and-purge\">https:\/\/silencedturkey.org\/july-15-coup-and-purge<\/a>) bug\u00fcnlerde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de S\u00fcleyman Hilmi Tunahan gelene\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131, kamuoyunda \u201cS\u00fcleymanc\u0131lar\u201d olarak bilinen cemaate y\u00f6nelik geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 operasyon ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor (<a href=\"https:\/\/bianet.org\/haber\/suleymancilara-17-ilde-operasyon-alihan-kuris-dahil-30-kisi-gozaltinda-322495\">https:\/\/bianet.org\/haber\/suleymancilara-17-ilde-operasyon-alihan-kuris-dahil-30-kisi-gozaltinda-322495<\/a>). &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcrkiye neden dini ve sivil gruplar\u0131 hukuk i\u00e7inde \u00e7o\u011fulcu bir toplumsal yap\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fal unsurlar\u0131 olarak ya\u015fatmakta bu kadar zorlan\u0131yor? Bir d\u00f6nem bir cemaat devletin g\u00f6zdesi oluyor, ba\u015fka bir cemaat ise tehlike olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Siyasi dengeler de\u011fi\u015fiyor, roller de\u011fi\u015fiyor. D\u00fcn makbul olan bug\u00fcn sak\u0131ncal\u0131; d\u00fcn sak\u0131ncal\u0131 olan yar\u0131n makbul olabiliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Devletin hangi din\u00ee yap\u0131n\u0131n \u201ciyi\u201d, hangisinin \u201ck\u00f6t\u00fc\u201d oldu\u011funa karar verdi\u011fi bir toplumda din de \u00f6zg\u00fcr de\u011fildir, devlet de sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcrkiye, Suudi Arabistan ve Pakistan\u2019\u0131n imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni ortak savunma anla\u015fmas\u0131 da bu tarihsel perspektiften okunmaya de\u011fer. Anla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclkeden birine yap\u0131lacak silahl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 di\u011ferlerine de yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kabul edilecek (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/asia-pacific\/saudi-arabia-turkey-pakistan-sign-joint-defence-deal-amid-regional-turmoil-2026-08-07\/\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/asia-pacific\/saudi-arabia-turkey-pakistan-sign-joint-defence-deal-amid-regional-turmoil-2026-08-07\/<\/a>). &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcrkiye, Suudi Arabistan ve Pakistan gibi \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck S\u00fcnni \u00e7o\u011funluklu \u00fclkenin, \u0130ran-\u0130srail-ABD sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi son derece gergin bir b\u00f6lgesel ortamda yeni bir g\u00fcvenlik mimarisi olu\u015fturmas\u0131, be\u015f y\u00fcz y\u0131l \u00f6nceki Osmanl\u0131-Safev\u00ee d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neden Kahire, \u0130stanbul, Tahran, Riyad, \u0130slamabad ve di\u011fer merkezler aras\u0131nda bilimde, teknolojide, ticarette ve akademik dola\u015f\u0131mda asker\u00ee ittifaklara benzer bir i\u015fbirli\u011fi sistemi kurulam\u0131yor?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neden ortak savunma mekanizmalar\u0131 konu\u015fuldu\u011fu kadar ortak \u00fcniversiteler, ara\u015ft\u0131rma fonlar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenci dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131 konu\u015fulmuyor?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n pasaportuna bak\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin mezhebine veya siyasi aidiyetine g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilmedi\u011fi, \u00fcniversitenin iktidar\u0131n do\u011frular\u0131n\u0131 ispatlamakla g\u00f6revlendirilmedi\u011fi ortamlarda bilgi \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bilim insan\u0131na \u015funu s\u00f6yleyemezsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cD\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekte \u00f6zg\u00fcrs\u00fcn ama \u015fu konuda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cD\u00fcnyayla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapabilirsin ama \u015fu \u00fclkeden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cSonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131mlayabilirsin ama h\u00fck\u00fcmetin politikas\u0131na ters d\u00fc\u015fmesin.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">20. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca ABD\u2019nin bilimsel \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn en \u00f6nemli kaynaklar\u0131ndan biri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan insanlar\u0131 kendisine \u00e7ekebilmesiydi. \u00dcniversiteleri yaln\u0131z Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011fil \u00c7inlilerin, Hintlilerin, \u0130ranl\u0131lar\u0131n, T\u00fcrklerin, Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok yerinden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabildi\u011fi merkezlerdi. Fakat ikinci Trump y\u00f6netimi d\u00f6neminde ABD \u00fcniversitelerinde de bir bask\u0131 ve gerileme g\u00f6zlemleniyor. Bug\u00fcn ABD\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey, bir zamanlar onu bilimsel olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc k\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131k ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr akademik ortam\u0131 kendi eliyle daraltma riski ta\u015f\u0131yor (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.acenet.edu\/Policy-Advocacy\/Pages\/2025-Trump-Administration-Transition.aspx\">https:\/\/www.acenet.edu\/Policy-Advocacy\/Pages\/2025-Trump-Administration-Transition.aspx<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir toplumdaki S\u00fcnni, \u015eii&#8217;den; sek\u00fcler dindardan, dindar ba\u015fka bir cemaatten; akademisyen, devletten; devlet de kendi vatanda\u015f\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli ku\u015fku duyuyorsa, o toplumun muazzam bir zihinsel enerjisi savunmaya harcan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00f6yle\u015fiye d\u00f6necek olursak, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n son be\u015f y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 tek kelimeyle \u201cgerileme\u201d olarak anlatmak tarihsel a\u00e7\u0131dan ku\u015fkusuz tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu be\u015f y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131n i\u00e7inde muazzam sanat, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, bilim, devlet kuruculu\u011fu ve toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm d\u00f6nemleri vard\u0131r. Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fi de yaln\u0131z M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hatalarla a\u00e7\u0131klanamaz; Atlantik ticareti, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik, bilimsel devrim, sanayile\u015fme, hukuk ve finans kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimi gibi \u00e7ok say\u0131da s\u00fcre\u00e7 birlikte rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fakat yine de Mustafa Kaya\u2019n\u0131n anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun tarihsel hik\u00e2yeden bug\u00fcne ta\u015f\u0131yabilece\u011fimiz g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ders var: Medeniyetlerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck serveti topraklar\u0131, ordular\u0131 veya yeralt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131 de\u011fil; insanlar\u0131n birbirleriyle serbest\u00e7e ili\u015fki kurabildi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k a\u011flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Belki insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131 olan \u201calt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u201d budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ordular de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck saraylar de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha fazla itaat de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha \u00e7ok \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha \u00e7ok merak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ve birbirinden daha az korku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir medeniyeti d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, i\u00e7eride farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnene tahamm\u00fcl edememesi zay\u0131flat\u0131r. Bu hafta Metin Y\u0131kar\u2019\u0131n University of Chicago\u2019da g\u00f6rev yapan tarih\u00e7i Mustafa Kaya ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yle\u015fi temelinde konuyu irdelemek istiyoruz (https:\/\/youtu.be\/mAmTm9lpKho). &nbsp; \u201c\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 neden geriledi?\u201d Din mi engel oldu? Osmanl\u0131 m\u0131 hata yapt\u0131? Matbaa m\u0131 ge\u00e7 geldi? Bat\u0131 m\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrd\u00fc? Ulema m\u0131 bilime kar\u015f\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4858,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guncel"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/academicsolidarity.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/20260815Islam.png?fit=1448%2C1086&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4862"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4862\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4863,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4862\/revisions\/4863"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4858"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/academicsolidarity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}