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The Wave of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: Notes from DEGAM 2025 and New Applications in Germany

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Like the rest of the world, AI technologies are rapidly becoming widespread in healthcare in Germany. The picture seen at the DEGAM congress (https://eventclass.it/degam2025/online-program/), held from October 1–3, confirms the transformation that has been accelerating in Germany for some time: Artificial intelligence (AI) is now embedded in a range of workflows, from patient communication and billing to ultrasound diagnosis and clinical documentation.

321 MED’s “Online Reception” solution (https://321med.com/de) digitizes and automates existing practices’ processes. It includes modules such as chatbot messaging, a telephone AI assistant, appointment/reminder, e-prescription and referral, forms/anamnesis, and patient portals. The installation is customized to the clinical workflow and provides web-telephone integration.

In Germany, physicians bill the public health insurance company after each patient consultation. Simba n³ – Dr. Clever analyzes data from the physician’s computer for KV/EBM-compliant billing, generating personalized checklists for erroneous records, documentation gaps, and additional billing opportunities. The goal is to both reduce the risk of regress (deduction) and make revenue leaks visible (https://www.nhochdrei.de/branchen-und-bereiche/gesundheitswesen/ambulante-abrechnung-dr-clever/).

The rise of AI in diagnostic imaging has also reached the field. Philips announced the integration of AI-powered measurement and flow capabilities in cardiac echo into its product line. The goal is standardization, speed, and quality (https://www.philips.de/a-w/about/news/archive/standard/news/2024/202408-philips-integriert-ki-in-echokardiographie-technologie.html). Meanwhile, the deepcOS platform promises to integrate more than 60 regulatory-approved AI applications into clinical PACS/RIS with a single installation (https://www.medica.de/de/media-news/erlebniswelten-magazin/digital-health/floy-ki-start-up-verbessert-auswertung-bildgebung).

“AI medical scribe” solutions like Heidi capture the examination from ambient sound and generate notes in SOAP/epicrisis letter formats. This aims to reduce administrative burden and increase physician-patient time (https://www.heidihealth.com/de-de).

While promising concrete gains in the areas of appointment-communication, income security, diagnostic quality, and physician burnout, it is imperative not to compromise on the principles of data protection and clinical responsibility.

The Long Road for International Doctors in Germany: The Need is Great, So Are the Obstacles

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Germany’s rapidly growing physician shortage is making doctors from abroad an indispensable part of the healthcare system. According to 2024 statistics from the Bundesärztekammer, the number of foreign-born physicians in the country has been increasing for years; 5,383 physicians registered for the first time in 2024 alone, and the proportion of younger generations in the total number of physicians is directly linked to emigration. The agency emphasizes that without this immigration, the number of physicians would decrease by approximately 2,000 people annually (https://www.bundesaerztekammer.de/baek/ueber-uns/aerztestatistik/2024). Furthermore, detailed 2024 physician statistics show that the share of foreign physicians in the total has reached approximately 15% (https://www.coliquio.de/content/aerztliches-leben/zahlen-fakten-zu-deutschlands-aerztinnen-und-aerzten-51692). However, obtaining equivalence (Approbation) and actually starting to practice has become a bureaucratic ordeal for many international physicians, spanning years. Fragmented application processes across states, limited quotas for the Fachsprachprüfung (C1 medical language exam) and Kenntnisprüfung (competence/adaptation exam), and waiting times for appointments and evaluations are lengthy. In recent years, waiting times of up to 15 months to three years, particularly for physicians from Ukraine, have been the subject of harsh public criticism (https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article252822286/Bilanz-verheerend-Deutsche-Buerokratie-bremst-gefluechtete-ukrainische-Aerzte-aus.html).

A recent report by DER SPIEGEL provides detailed examples of how physicians from Turkey are being “disprofessionally disqualified” in Germany due to long waiting times, repeated exams, difficulties with document verification, and differing practices across states. The report emphasizes that, despite the physician shortage, bureaucratic bottlenecks are costing both immigrant physicians and patient care (https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/tuerkische-aerzte-in-deutschland-warum-sie-hier-keine-zulassung-erhalten-a-0719e52d-2a9a-4604-a568-451a393abca4?sara_ref=re-xx-cp-sh). These findings align with the healthcare system’s experience in the field: While small towns and provincial hospitals struggle to fill positions, physicians awaiting equivalency are losing time in temporary jobs or non-clinical positions. The German Medical Association and physician recruitment platforms also confirm that foreign physicians keep the healthcare system afloat, but that paperwork and examination processes are a “bottleneck” (https://aerztestellen.aerzteblatt.de/de/redaktion/deutschland-arbeiten-woher-kommen-auslaendische-aerzte).

A 2024 study by Zekeriya Aktürk and colleagues from the University of Augsburg compares the pre- and post-migration professional/economic situations of healthcare professionals who left Turkey. The findings indicate that push factors (professional uncertainty, security, and merit concerns) and pull factors (stable employment, advancement, and training opportunities) are both influential. The same article and related datasets also report a significant increase in the number of Turkish immigrant physicians in Germany after 2012 (https://ijmshr.com/uploads/pdf/archivepdf/2024/IJMSHR_398.pdf).

Two facts are clear: Germany struggles to maintain the level of service in the field without foreign physicians; dependence on external resources is particularly strong in rural areas and small hospitals. Equivalence and language exam processes are unpredictable, inconsistent, and slow across states, leading to long waits for qualified physicians to be excluded from the system.

The data is clear: International doctors are filling Germany’s physician shortage; however, the fragmented and slow equivalence mechanism is harming both physicians’ careers and the system’s capacity. Spiegel’s fieldwork and the academic literature converge: a fast, standardized, and fair recognition process for doctors in Germany must be established as soon as possible.

In this regard, we believe the following recommendations would be beneficial:

  1. A standardized and transparent “national core procedure”: Aligning application, document verification, and exam schedules with minimum standards at the federal level; transparently announcing state differences.
  2. Increasing capacity and accelerating it: Regular and frequent slot scheduling for Fachsprachprüfung and Kenntnisprüfung; migrating the digital application and appointment infrastructure to a single portal. 3. Bridging programs: Making the waiting period clinically valuable for physicians awaiting equivalence through supervised clinical rotations and modular training packages.
  3. Safeguarding against abuse and illegal registration: Minimum wage/mentoring standards and corporate responsibility principles for physicians during the waiting period.
  4. Purpose-oriented language skills: Practice-oriented exam content and targeted language courses that measure clinical communication proficiency while maintaining the C1 medical language standard.

Subliminal Learning: Artificial Intelligence Models Can Infect Each Other with Behavior Through Invisible Channels

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New research has shown that large language models (LLMs) can transmit behavioral traits (e.g., harmful tendencies, specific preferences, and biases) to each other, even through the “innocent” data they generate. Researchers call this phenomenon “subliminal learning.” The findings reveal that model-to-model training (distillation) and the “filter the data, no risk” approach alone do not provide sufficient security (https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.14805).
In the study’s main setups, a “teacher” model is guided by a specific trait or bias (e.g., an innocent preference like “loves owls” or a misalignment/harmful bias). This model simply generates seemingly unrelated data, such as strings of numbers. A “student” model derived from the same basic family inherits the teacher’s traits when trained on these numbers. Moreover, even when the data is aggressively filtered for obvious clues about the trait in question, the transfer continues. The findings have been replicated not only in numerical sequences but also in code outputs and “chain-of-thought” text (https://alignment.anthropic.com/2025/subliminal-learning/).
Many organizations train or distill new models using supposedly more secure model outputs (synthetic data). This study demonstrates that even when profanity, violence, and other elements are removed through content filters, behavior can still be transmitted through statistical patterns (https://www.tomsguide.com/ai/ai-models-can-secretly-influence-each-other-new-study-reveals-hidden-behavior-transfer).
On the other hand, the “teacher-student” distillation paradigm prevalent in the industry can lead to undetected transmission of undesirable traits across generations (https://www.graphcore.ai/posts/july-papers-subliminal-learning-mixture-of-recursions-and-dataset-curation).
Simply put, even outputs that appear meaningless to the human eye can retain traces of the model’s biases. Security researchers emphasize the need for data provenance tracking and stricter auditing of distillation chains.
“Subliminal learning” adds a new and alarming dimension to the fact that LLMs learn from each other: behavior can be carried over even when the content appears irrelevant. In the age of synthetic data, this necessitates moving AI security beyond the “just filter the content” approach. The primary text of the research and the authors’ technical notes thoroughly document the scope and risks.

International Student Numbers on the Rise in Germany: India Tops, Turkey on the Rise

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Germany continues to be one of the world’s most attractive countries for international students. The number of international students in Germany during the 2023/24 winter semester reached 379,900. This figure represents a 3% increase compared to the previous year and makes Germany a true student attraction (https://www.daad.de/de/der-daad/kommunikation-publikationen/presse/pressemitteilungen/2024/deutschland-ist-die-weltweite-nummer-2-fuer-internationale-wissenschaftlerinnen-und-wissenschaftler/).

The majority of international students in Germany come from Asia. India is the largest group with approximately 49,000 students; China follows with approximately 38,700 students (https://www.studying-in-germany.org/germany-international-student-statistics/).

This rise has accelerated dramatically in recent years, particularly for India—historical data shows that the number of students from India nearly doubled from 28,900 in 2020/21 to 2023/24.

Turkey constitutes the third-largest international student group in Germany, with 18,100 students. This represents a 22.7% increase compared to the previous year.

Austria, Iran, Syria, and Russia are also important source countries. Approximately 15,400 students come from Austria, and 15,200 from Iran. The number of students from Syria is approximately 13,400, while that from Russia is around 10,600.

Multiple factors contribute to Germany’s rise as an international student hub: free or low-cost university education, post-graduation work rights, and a stable education system. In addition to these dynamics, steps to increase academic solidarity are critical.

As Germany grows more attractive to international students, this demographic is not only characterized by academic success but also by cultural richness and future potential. Supporting this diversity through academic solidarity is crucial for both global scholarship and inter-societal understanding.

US Restrictions Drive International Students to Europe

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For many years, the US has been the most attractive educational destination for international students. However, the visa restrictions recently implemented by the Trump administration have begun to rapidly change this situation. It has been announced that student visas will no longer be granted for the duration of their programs, but for a maximum of four years. Furthermore, visas issued to exchange programs and members of the press will also be time-limited. Furthermore, the newly introduced “visa integrity fee” has increased application costs to as much as $442. These regulations have thrown uncertainty into the future of not only students but also universities. Leading institutions like Harvard have been accused of suspending international student admissions, putting thousands of applications at risk, shaking up the academic landscape in the US (https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/aug/29/trump-immigration-visa-restrictions).

These tightening restrictions have caused significant losses in the US education sector and accelerated the flow of students to Europe. Germany, in particular, stands out with a nearly 20 percent increase in students from India and currently hosts more than 60,000 Indian students. Political stability, affordable costs, and post-graduation work opportunities are making Germany increasingly attractive. While applications to business schools like ESCP and HEC Paris are increasing in France, Germany and other European countries are also seeing significant interest from American students (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/study-abroad/germany-welcomes-more-from-india-while-student-arrivals-to-the-us-plunge-the-new-geography-of-indian-ambition/articleshow/123472306.cms).  

The European Union plans to capitalize on this trend. In Brussels, parliamentarians called for the further expansion of programs like Erasmus+ and Horizon Europe for international students disadvantaged by US policies. Thus, Europe could become a stronger alternative for international academic leadership in the long term (https://euobserver.com/eu-and-the-world/ar771dc3dc).  

The United States’ decline in its traditional appeal is reshaping not only students’ individual plans but also global academic balances. These developments signal that Europe could assume a central role in international student mobility.

Gaza: Today’s Leningrad

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The ongoing blockade and attacks in Gaza have become one of the worst humanitarian disasters in modern history. The deprivation of 2.3 million people of food, medicine, fuel, and education is considered a serious violation of international law and the conscience of humanity.

Historical analogies further illustrate this picture. During the siege of Leningrad in World War II, hundreds of thousands of civilians lost their lives to starvation, cold, and bombardment. Jews were among the victims of that tragedy. Today, the fact that people who have historically endured similar oppression impose a similar siege on another ethnic and religious group, or remain silent in the face of it, is met with shock and profound sadness.

The United Nations and humanitarian organizations have repeatedly warned: Starvation in Gaza has become a systematic weapon. This situation contradicts the most fundamental principles of international law.

The blockade in Gaza directly targets not only the fundamental right to life but also the right to education. Universities are being bombed, libraries are being destroyed, and students are being forced to abandon their education. Thousands of university students and academics have either lost their lives directly or been forced into exile. This threatens the region’s academic future.

This is a test case for the global academic community. To end this persecution, we must speak out, establish solidarity networks, create scholarships and research opportunities for students and academics exiled from Gaza, international academic institutions (e.g., Scholars at Risk, Scholar Rescue Fund) must launch more visible support campaigns, and universities must stand with the victims instead of remaining neutral in humanitarian crises, adhering to the principle of “not remaining silent.”

After World War II, the phrase “never again” became a common mantra for humanity. However, the events in Gaza demonstrate that this promise has been forgotten. The Jewish people, who felt the pain of the siege of Leningrad most deeply, remain silent in the face of the persecution in Gaza today, a bitter irony of history.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2025/aug/22/famine-benjamin-netanyahu-palestine-gaza-israel-war-latest-updates

https://www.ft.com/content/90aaed53-027b-4eed-be93-89632f0d2ea5

https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/weaponisation-food-gaza-constitutes-war-crime-un-rights-office-says-2025-06-24

Vaccination Opposition in the Context of Kennedy’s Vaccine Study Retraction Request

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US Surgeon General Robert F. Kennedy Jr. made headlines with his July 2025 opinion piece requesting the retraction of a study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. The study, based on an analysis of data from 1.2 million children, demonstrated that aluminum in vaccines was not linked to autoimmune, allergic, and neurodevelopmental diseases in children. Kennedy called the study a “propaganda stunt” (https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/aug/14/robert-kennedy-jr-vaccine-study-retraction).

The journal’s editor, Dr. Christine Laine, rejected the retraction call and emphasized that there were no scientific irregularities in the study (https://www.thedailybeast.com/rfk-jr-slapped-down-by-medical-journal-over-vaccine-study-retraction-request/). The study’s lead author, Anders Peter Hviid, stated that most of the criticisms were reasonable methodological arguments. He explained that criticisms, such as the lack of a control group, were due to legal and ethical principles, not a lack of data due to Denmark’s high vaccination rates (https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/medical-journal-rejects-kennedys-call-for-retraction-vaccine-study-2025-08-11/).

To understand why anti-vaccine advocates (and groups perpetuating anti-science conspiracy narratives in general) persist with their claims despite such compelling scientific evidence, we’ve listed the dimensions of the phenomenon:

  1. Distrust and the Perception of “Big Pharma”
    • Anti-vaccine advocates, citing the multi-billion dollar size of the pharmaceutical industry (Big Pharma), claim that the “profit-driven system” prioritizes profit over health.
    • The global vaccine market exceeded approximately $70 billion in 2023; a massive market emerged after COVID-19. This figure easily provides fodder for conspiracy theories when there is a lack of transparency.
  2. Cultural and Political Identity
    • Anti-vaccine sentiment often becomes not just a scientific stance, but an identity and ideological stance. Opposition to authority, the claim to protect individual freedom, and distrust of government institutions fuel this identity.
    • Therefore, instead of being persuaded by scientific data, scientific evidence can be perceived as “manipulation” by authority.
  3. Cognitive Biases and Emotional Power
    • People can prioritize a single negative anecdote (e.g., “My child developed autism symptoms after being vaccinated”) over thousands of safety data points. This is known in psychology as availability bias.
    • Furthermore, fear, anxiety, and the feeling that “my child might be harmed” have a much stronger impact than abstract statistical data.
  4. Information Pollution and Social Media
    • Thanks to echo chambers on social media, misinformation is constantly repeated and perceived as “evidence.”
    • RFK Jr. Political figures like these use these echo chambers as political capital.
  5. Historical Factors
    • Pharmaceutical company scandals in the 1970s (e.g., the thalidomide incident) created a lasting distrust of the pharmaceutical industry.
    • Because most vaccines are administered under government mandate, the concept of “mandatory” triggers a backlash against authority.

In conclusion, the persistence of anti-vaccine sentiment is not solely due to a lack of scientific evidence. Economic size, historical distrust, ideological identity, emotional biases, and social media influence also need to be considered. The lack of transparency within the large vaccine industry further strengthens this foundation. While RFK Jr.’s harsh criticism of scientific studies on aluminum-containing vaccines has been dismissed as invalid by the credible scientific community due to its fundamental illogicalities, such initiatives contribute to the erosion of confidence in vaccines.

Even a Simple Problem Can Mislead AI

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While artificial intelligence (AI)-powered language models (LLMs) are often praised for their ability to provide rapid and comprehensive medical knowledge, new research has revealed that these systems can make mistakes even with simple ethical questions. A joint study from Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Kibbutz Rabin Medical Center in Israel found that even the most advanced models, including ChatGPT, made biased or incorrect decisions in basic ethical scenarios (https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/07/250723045711.htm). Inspired by Daniel Kahneman’s Thinking, Fast, and Slow (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thinking,_Fast_and_Slow), the researchers slightly modified classic puzzles in medical ethics—such as the “surgeon’s son” paradox (https://www.apm.org.uk/blog/understanding-unconscious-bias-a-silver-bullet-for-equality/). For example, in a scenario where the father is a surgeon but his gender is not specified, the model was expected to assume the woman is the surgeon, but it sometimes made sexist assumptions. Such hasty and biased decisions were detected in 20–30% of the models.

This demonstrates that AI is not only a tool for imparting knowledge but also capable of actively intervening in the ethical process. However, this intervention carries the risk of misleading.

As Dr. Eyal Klang, one of the study’s authors, points out, healthcare decisions are delicate choices that can save or harm a patient’s life. Therefore, ensuring the reliability of AI systems requires human oversight, clear ethical boundaries, and an awareness of the risk of “fast but wrong” decisions.

While LLMs are powerful in transferring technical knowledge, they can be vulnerable in situations requiring ethical, cultural, or emotional complexity. The reliability of these systems should be questioned, especially in resource-constrained clinical settings or during times of crisis. Despite claims that AI can completely replace the human factor, it appears to fall short in crucial decision-making processes.

Immigrated Researchers from Turkey Shared their Experiences

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Zoom – July 29, 2025: Akademische Solidarität e.V. hosted a virtual “Experience Sharing Meeting: Becoming Researcher/Lecturer at University” on the evening of July 29, 2025. The online event, which attracted around 80 participants via Zoom, featured four Turkish academics as guest speakers. Each shared their journey of building a new academic or research career abroad, offering insights into the challenges and strategies for continuing academic life in a foreign country. The speakers were:

  • Dr. Zekeriya Aktürk – a medical doctor and researcher,
  • Dr. Lokman Alpsoy – a researcher in chemistry and biology,
  • Dr. Sena Arslan – a specialist nurse, and
  • Dr. Burhan Cevik – an expert speaking on IT/software sector career pathways.

Below, we summarize each speaker’s background and key insights from their talks.

Dr. Zekeriya Aktürk: Reestablishing a Medical Research Career in Germany

Dr. Zekeriya Aktürk, one of Turkey’s first professors in family medicine, recounted how political turmoil disrupted his career and how he rebuilt it in Germany. In the aftermath of the July 2016 events in Turkey, Dr. Aktürk was dismissed from his university position by an emergency decree (KHK) despite an illustrious career as a medical academic. He described this period as a painful professional reset; at one point, he even faced a 14-month imprisonment for his alleged ties – an experience that forced him into an “exile” from Turkish academia (this context was alluded to in his remarks).

In 2020, at 55, Dr. Aktürk moved to Germany to start over. He was accepted as a researcher at the Institute of Family Medicine at Munich University (LMU) in 2020. He later joined the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Augsburg, where he now works as a scientific staff member in General Practice. Within a few years, he re-earned his medical specialist credentials in Germany, regaining the right to practice and even to open or lead a clinic. He noted with pride that “I showed that I attained my career through merit, not favoritism, by climbing the same ladder again 24 years later” – a pointed message toward those who had undermined his achievements in Turkey.

Dr. Aktürk’s story highlighted several key strategies for success abroad. First, he emphasized the crucial importance of language proficiency. He recalled his preparation for German medical qualification exams and said, “The key to practicing your profession abroad is learning the language”. He credited that he had learned German earlier in life, and even taught German courses while in Turkey, giving him a head start in integrating into the German system.

Dr. Aktürk underscored the value of leveraging one’s expertise to address global issues. He has turned his personal experience into a research focus: at University of Augsburg his interests include migration research, and he is actively studying the ongoing exodus of healthcare professionals from Turkey. During the meeting, he shared some broader context from his work: over 7,000 academics were purged from Turkish universities by emergency decrees after 2016, and in the last few years, more than 4,000 Turkish doctors have left the country for better opportunities abroad. These sobering statistics gave participants a sense of the scale of Turkey’s brain drain, while Dr. Aktürk’s journey provided a hopeful example of overcoming it. He stressed that adaptability, continuous learning, and maintaining professional confidence were vital. Despite starting from scratch in a new country, Dr. Aktürk managed to reclaim his status as a specialist physician and researcher, an achievement he hoped would inspire others facing similar obstacles.

Dr. Lokman Alpsoy: From a Closed University to Cutting-Edge Research in Europe

Dr. Lokman Alpsoy shared his journey from being a senior academic in Turkey to reinventing himself as a researcher in Germany. Before 2016, Dr. Alpsoy was the Dean of the Institute of Health Sciences and Head of the Biology Department at Fatih University in Istanbul. (Fatih University was a well-regarded private university until Erdogan shut it down in 2016.) The sudden closure of his university amid the post-2016 purges left Dr. Alpsoy, like thousands of other scholars, without an institution. He described the uncertainty and loss of identity of seeing an academic career in Turkey abruptly cut short.

Determined to continue his scientific work, Dr. Alpsoy sought opportunities abroad. He eventually moved to Germany and is now an Associate Professor and researcher at the University of Freiburg. At Freiburg’s Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), he leads a research project on innovative biomaterials – specifically, hydrogel-bead-based carriers for potential cancer research and diagnosis. This role allows him to apply his molecular biology and chemistry expertise to cutting-edge interdisciplinary research. Dr. Alpsoy noted that transitioning into a new research environment was challenging at first – he had to familiarize himself with new labs and funding systems – but his strong publication record and experience in Turkey helped him secure his position in Germany. He has published over 60 scientific papers and is cited nearly 1,600 times, reflecting his continued productivity in exile.

A significant theme of Dr. Alpsoy’s talk was the importance of professional networks and mentorship. He highlighted how joining support programs for displaced academics eased his integration. For example, he participated in a mentorship initiative through Academics at Risk e.V., a German-based solidarity organization for endangered scholars. Dr. Alpsoy warmly encouraged others to seek mentorship and community support, noting that “you are not alone – there are networks out there devoted to helping scientists like us continue our work in a free and safe environment”.

During the Q&A, Dr. Alpsoy also discussed the need to adapt one’s expertise to the host country’s priorities. In his case, he pivoted from teaching and administrative leadership in Turkey to focusing almost exclusively on research in Germany. “I went from being a dean to being a lab scientist again,” he said, smiling, emphasizing that no task is too humble when rebuilding a career. He advised fellow academics to be flexible: “Be ready to wear different hats. You might have been a professor or manager back home; you may start as a postdoc or technician abroad. Embrace it as a learning experience.”

Dr. Sena Arslan: Empowering Health Professionals Beyond Borders

Dr. Sena Arslan offered insights from the perspective of a health sciences researcher, particularly for non-physician health professionals looking to advance their careers internationally. Initially trained in Turkey, Dr. Arslan was involved in health research and education there – for instance, she contributed to studies on nursing and patient care in Turkish institutions in 2016. However, like many colleagues, her early career was disrupted by the instability in the Turkish higher education sector. Determined to continue her academic path, she relocated to the Netherlands to pursue further training and research.

Since 2018, Dr. Arslan has been a researcher in the Department of Public Health and Internal Medicine at Erasmus University Medical Center in Rotterdam, Netherlands. She focuses on nursing education, patient self-management, and palliative care support. Her publications span issues like the effects of sleep deprivation on nurses’ heart health and the self-efficacy of nurse practitioners in supporting patients. Dr. Arslan’s success abroad is also a testament to international solidarity programs: she received support from the Scholar Rescue Fund (SRF), which helped fund her research and integrate her into the Dutch academic community. She explained that grants and fellowships aimed explicitly at at-risk scholars can provide a crucial bridge to opportunities in Europe.

In her presentation, Dr. Arslan addressed unique challenges faced by non-physician health professionals migrating abroad. Unlike physicians, whose qualifications often have clear paths to recognition, professionals like nurses, laboratory technicians, or public health experts may find their credentials less straightforward to transfer. She recounted how she had to not only learn a new language (Dutch) but also sometimes “re-prove” her expertise through additional certifications and a PhD program to gain equivalence in Europe. One key advice she gave was to pursue advanced degrees or specializations abroad as a gateway into the system. For example, enrolling in a master’s or PhD program can improve one’s qualifications and serve as a stepping stone to employment.

Dr. Arslan also highlighted the importance of soft skills and cultural adaptation. She noted that healthcare practices and workplace cultures can differ significantly between Turkey and Western Europe. For instance, nursing roles in the Netherlands are highly empowered in clinical decision-making, which requires her to adjust her approach and encourage Turkish-trained colleagues to gain these competencies. She stressed continuous professional development: “Be open to learning new protocols, new technologies, and even new ways of communicating with patients and colleagues,” she said. By doing so, non-physician professionals can excel and bring valuable perspectives from their home country.

Dr. Burhan Cevik – Integrating into Universities in Germany

After many years of working as a physics teacher, Dr. Burhan Cevik developed an interest in information technology and computer science later in his career. While still teaching physics, he completed his master’s and doctoral degrees in these fields. Before he was forced to leave Turkey, he had already started working in the field of software engineering at a university.

Dr. Cevik works in the fields of virtual reality environments, haptic interfaces, and robotic arms. Especially in Germany, due to the scarcity of scientists with expertise in all three areas, he received quick responses to his previous job applications. During his second application process, he signed a contract with the university he interviewed with.

Later, he began applying for positions on a project basis and, following his first contract, signed a second one. He is currently working on a project that he proposed himself, which has received approximately 1.6 million euros in funding. In this project, he collaborated with his university of applied sciences (Hochschule), two companies, and a university hospital.

Based on his experiences, he emphasized the importance of reviewing project calls announced across Germany or the European Union and generating innovative and original ideas in response to these calls. He also highlighted that summarizing these ideas in a short and clear text, sharing them with a professor in the relevant field at a university, and clearly expressing one’s motivation are highly effective steps in securing an academic position.

He noted that starting a position at a university also opens up teaching opportunities for academics. In this context, Dr. Cevik has taught Backend and Frontend courses to undergraduate students and is currently teaching the Haptic Interfaces course to graduate students.

Dr. Cevik advises fellow academics not to be shy and not to see the language barrier as an insurmountable wall. He encourages them to continue learning the language while simultaneously applying for academic positions, and not to lose motivation if they receive negative responses. He stated that if he had not taken this approach himself, he would not be in his current position today.

He also emphasized that receiving support from trusted colleagues who have already gone through similar experiences can be extremely helpful along the way.

“Despite its softness and fluidity, the main reason a drop of water can wear away marble is its continuous dripping on the same spot.”

From Purge to Renewal: Gold Will Not Tarnish in Exile

Since 2016, more than 7,000 academics have been dismissed from Turkish universities through emergency decrees, part of a broader political purge that has disrupted thousands of careers and lives. Despite this, the stories in the “Experience Sharing Meeting” reveal how many highly qualified individuals have successfully rebuilt academic lives across Europe. Drawing on their expertise, resilience, and adaptability, they have secured new roles in research and education, often contributing to their host countries while maintaining academic ties to Turkey. Their achievements highlight both the tragedy of the forced exodus and the potential for renewal when talent is supported by solidarity and opportunity.

Physicians Who Migrated from Turkey Discussed Professional Futures and Solidarity at the 4th Ärztekongress

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The 4th Ärztekongress, organized by the Medical Academy and Care e.V. (MAC, https://medical-academy-care.de/) in Frankfurt on July 26–27, 2025, was attended by over 200 physicians who had migrated from Turkey. The event, themed “Medizin kennt keine Grenzen – Brücken bauen und Zukunft gemeinsam gestalten” (There are no borders in medicine – Building bridges and building the future together), explored numerous aspects of the professional journeys of immigrant physicians in Germany.

The two-day congress covered dozens of topics across eight modules. The first day focused on the physicians’ clinical experiences in Germany, the residency process, the approbation stages, academic career opportunities, freelance opportunities, and alternative employment opportunities. The second day focused on the role of artificial intelligence in medicine, basic information about the insurance system, professional integration processes, and ethical responsibility.

At the congress, Academic Solidarity e.V. board member Prof. Zekeriya Aktürk and the Academic Writing research group began collecting data for a study examining migration processes among participants using quantitative and qualitative methods. This group had previously published their migration-related research in various scientific journals (https://ijmshr.com/uploads/pdf/archivepdf/2024/IJMSHR_398.pdf, https://www.amazon.de/-/en/Zekeriya-Akt%C3%BCrk-ebook/dp/B0D8GM89R2, https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/frontdoor/deliver/index/docId/111889/file/111889.pdf).

Participants also had the opportunity to network over breakfast and dinner. The conference hotel’s technical infrastructure and cultural offerings made the event a platform not only for academic but also for social solidarity. In the evening, a concert was presented under the direction of Ersin Kilic. Mr. Kilic, who works as a music and German teacher, has been volunteering for about six years in language training, particularly in preparing immigrant doctors for their specialist language exams. For this event, he assembled a band exclusively composed of immigrant volunteers, including three doctors. His 13-year-old daughter, Beyzanur, was also part of the group; she played both the bağlama (a traditional Turkish string instrument) and the bendir (a frame drum) (https://www.instagram.com/guel.zar).

Migration of Physicians from Turkey to Germany is No Longer Individual, but Massive

In recent years, the migration of physicians from Turkey to Germany has reached record levels. As of today, the “Doctors in Germany” Telegram group alone has 11,844 members. This number demonstrates that migration is no longer an individual choice, but a structural escape.

The economic crisis in Turkey, the increasing pressure on the healthcare system, and the burnout caused by political polarization are among the primary reasons behind this migration. According to data from the Turkish Medical Association, in 2023 alone, 2,685 physicians applied for a “Certificate of Good Conduct” to work abroad—up from just 59 in 2012 (https://www.ttb.org.tr/haber_goster.php?Guid=86cb0d7a-822c-11ee-bc4d-13da0eb35bac).

The “If They Go, Let Them Go” Mentality and the Numerical Reality of the Collapse

President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s statement downplaying the emigration of physicians in 2022, saying “If they go, let them go,” is seen by many physicians as a turning point. According to data from the Turkish Statistical Institute, the decline in doctors’ annual real income reached 30% in 2022. In an environment where inflation, even according to official figures, reaches 60%, physicians are caught between financial hardship and professional dissatisfaction (https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/turkiye/secimden-sonra-yurtdisina-gitmek-icin-iyi-hal-belgesi-alan-doktor-sayisinda-rekor-2086732).

Furthermore, incompetence, increasing violence, and political pressures make practicing medicine in Turkey unsustainable. Many physicians emerging from this environment are heading to Germany, seeking not only a better life but also a more respected and ethically based professional life.

The Importance of the Congress: Knowledge Sharing, Morale, and Solidarity

The congress in Frankfurt was crucial not only for the transfer of knowledge but also for mentoring new physicians, networking, and collective morale building. The information provided was a vital guide, especially for physicians undergoing specialization or approbation. Such events, organized by MAC, not only contribute to the integration of immigrant doctors into the German healthcare system but also create a kind of professional resistance space against the socio-political collapse that Turkey is experiencing.